Deans R; Vancaillie T; Ledger W; Liu J; Abbott JA, 2018, 'Live birth rate and obstetric complications following the hysteroscopic management of intrauterine adhesions including Asherman syndrome', Human Reproduction, vol. 33, pp. 1847 - 1853, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dey237

Vancaillie T; Kite L; Howard E; Chow J, 2018, 'Sacral neuromodulation for pelvic pain and pelvic organ dysfunction: A case series', Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol. 58, pp. 102 - 107, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajo.12752

Dean M; Stamatopoulos N; Vancaillie T, 2017, 'A severed ip ligament as a cause for trans-vaginal uterine bleeding post termination of pregnancy: A case report', Pan African Medical Journal, vol. 27, http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2017.27.95.12435

Ng A; Yang P; Wong S; Vancaillie T; Krishnan S, 2016, 'Medium to long-term gastrointestinal outcomes following disc resection of the rectum for treatment of endometriosis using a validated scoring questionnaire', Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol. 56, pp. 408 - 413, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajo.12476

Armstrong GL; Vancaillie TG, 2016, 'Combined site-specific sacral neuromodulation and pudendal nerve release surgery in a patient with interstitial cystitis and persistent arousal', BMJ Case Reports, vol. 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2015-213513

Vancaillie TG, 2015, 'Pudendal neuralgia: Standing up to the problem', Medicine Today, vol. 16, pp. 71 - 74

Garad R; Vancaillie TG; Farrell E, 2013, 'Pelvic pain: a diagnosis in itself', Australian nursing & midwifery journal, vol. 21, pp. 36 - 39

Garad R; Vancaillie TG; Farrell E, 2013, 'Pelvic pain: a diagnosis in itself.', Australian nursing journal (July 1993), vol. 21, pp. 36 - 39

Vancaillie TG, 2013, 'Emerging trends in female permanent contraception', Expert Review of Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 8, pp. 285 - 294, http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/eog.13.17

Vancaillie TG; Garad R, 2013, 'Asherman's syndrome.', Australian nursing journal (July 1993), vol. 20, pp. 34 - 36

Nesbitt-Hawes EM; Won HR; Jarvis SK; Lyons SD; Vancaillie TG; Abbott J, 2013, 'Improvement in pelvic pain with botulinum toxin type A - Single vs. repeat injections', Toxicon, vol. 63, pp. 83 - 87, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.11.018

Vancaillie TG; Eggermont J; Armstrong G; Jarvis SK; Liu J; Beg N, 2012, 'Response to Pudendal Nerve Block in Women with Pudendal Neuralgia', Pain Medicine, vol. 13, pp. 596 - 603, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4637.2012.01343.x

Hewitt EA; Armstrong G; Beg N; Katz S; Vancaillie TG, 2012, 'Lignocaine plasma levels following topical gel application in laparoscopic and hysteroscopic procedures', Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, vol. 40, pp. 292 - 296, id:

Vancaillie TG; Harrington DC; Anderson JM, 2011, 'Mechanism of action of the Adiana^® device: A histologic perspective', Contraception, vol. 84, pp. 299 - 301, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2011.01.008

Anderson T; Vancaillie TG, 2011, 'The Adiana System for Permanent Contraception: Safety and Efficacy at 3 Years', Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology, vol. 18, pp. 612 - 616, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2011.06.002

Beg N; Vancaillie T; Hewitt A; Eggermont J; Armstrong G, 2010, 'Lignocaine gel in minimally invasive surgery - A pilot cohort study', Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol. 50, pp. 382 - 384, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828X.2010.01198.x

Costello MF; Abbott J; Katz S; Vancaille T; Wilson S, 2009, 'A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of multimodal intraoperative analgesia for laparoscopic excision of endometriosis', Fertility and Sterility, vol. 94, pp. 436 - 443, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.03.025

Thomson A; Abbott J; Deans R; Kingston A; Vancaillie TG, 2009, 'The management of intrauterine synechiae', Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 21, pp. 335 - 341, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/GCO.0b013e32832e07fc

Vancaillie TG; Anderson T; Johns D, 2008, 'A 12-Month Prospective Evaluation of Transcervical Sterilization Using Implantable Polymer Matrices', Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 112, pp. 1270 - 1277, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e31818d8bda

Thomson A; Abbott J; Kingston A; Lenart M; Vancaillie TG, 2007, 'Fluoroscopically guided synechiolysis for patients with Asherman`s syndrome: menstrual and fertility outcomes', Fertility and Sterility, vol. 87, pp. 405 - 410, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.06.035

Thomson AJM; Abbott JA; Lenart M; Willison F; Vancaillie TG; Bennett MJ, 2006, 'Response [2]', Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology, vol. 13, pp. 169, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2006.01.012

Lyons SD; Chew SS; Thomson A; Lenart M; Camaris C; Vancaillie TG; Abbott J, 2006, 'Clinical and quality of life outcome after fertility-sparing laparoscopic surgery with bowel resection for severe endometriosis', Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology, vol. 13, pp. 436 - 441, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2006.05.009

Abbott J; Jarvis S; Lyons SD; Thomson A; Vancaillie TG, 2006, 'Botulinum toxin type A for chronic pain and pelvic floor spasm in women', Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 4, pp. 915 - 923, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000237100.29870.cc

Thomson A; Abbott J; Lenart M; Willison F; Vancaillie TG; Bennett MJ, 2005, 'Assessment of a method to expel intraperitoneal gas after gynecologic laparoscopy', Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology, vol. 12, pp. 125 - 129, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2005.01.020

Jarvis S; Lujic S; Abbott J; Vancaillie TG; Halam T, 2005, 'Peri-operative physiotherapy improves outcomes for women undergoing incontinence and or prolapse surgery: Results of a randomised controlled trial', Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol. 45, pp. 300 - 303, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828X.2005.00415.x

Thomson A; Jarvis S; Lenart M; Abbott J; Vancaillie TG, 2005, 'The use of botulinum toxin type A (BOTOX (R)) as treatment forintractable chronic pelvic pain associated with spasm of the levatorani muscles', BJOG - an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol. 112, pp. 247 - 249, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00315.x

Abbott J; Thomson A; Vancaillie TG, 2004, 'SprayGel folowing surgery for Asherman`s syndrome may improve pregnancy outcome', Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol. 24, pp. 710 - 711, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01443610400008206

Kingston A; Abbott J; Lenart M; Vancaillie TG, 2004, 'Hysteroscopic training: the butternut pumpkin model', Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists, vol. 11, pp. 256 - 261, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1074-3804(05)60210-1

Jarvis S; Abbott J; Lenart M; Steensma AB; Vancaillie TG, 2004, 'Pilot study of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain associated with spasm of the levator ani muscles', Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol. 44, pp. 46 - 50, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828X.2004.00163.x

Vancaillie TG, 2003, 'Mycromesh is not a suitable soft tisue prosthesis for repair of the defective vaginal wall', Journal of AAGL, vol. 10, pp. 424 - 425

Dietz HP; Vancaillie TG; Svehla M; Walsh WR; Steensma AB, 2003, 'Mechanical properties of urogynecologic implant materials.', International Urogynecology Journal, vol. 14, pp. 239 - 243, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00192-003-1041-8

Vancaillie TG, 2003, 'MycroMesh is not a suitable soft tissue prosthesis for repair of thedefective vaginal wall', Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists, vol. 10, pp. 424 - 425, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1074-3804(05)60279-4

Dietz HP; Steensma AB; Vancaillie TG, 2003, 'Levator function in nulliparous women', International Urogynecology Journal, vol. 14, pp. 24 - 26, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00192-002-1001-8

Varol N; Maher P; Vancaillie T; Cooper M; Carter J; Kwok A; Pesce A; Reid G, 2002, 'A literature review and update on the prevention and management of fluid overload in endometrial resection and hysteroscopic surgery', Gynaecological Endoscopy, vol. 11, pp. 19 - 26, http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0962-1091.2002.00487.x

Dietz HP; Haylen BT; Vancaillie TG, 2002, 'Female pelvic organ prolapse and voiding function', International Urogynecology Journal, vol. 13, pp. 284 - 288, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001920200062

Dietz HP; Clarke B; Vancaillie TG, 2002, 'Vaginal childbirth and bladder neck mobility', Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol. 42, pp. 522 - 525, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0004-8666.2002.00522.x

Abbott J; Hawe J; Shaltoot N; Hunter DM; Vancaillie TG; Garry R, 2002, 'Pelvic pain in women without pelvic pathology', Journal of American Association of gynecological laparoscopists, vol. 9, pp. 414 - 417, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1074-3804(05)60512-9

Dietz HP; Jarvis S; Vancaillie TG, 2002, 'The assessment of levator muscle strnght: A validation of three ultrasound techiques', International Urogynecology Journal, vol. 13, pp. 156 - 159, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s192-002-8346-5

Kingston AJ; Broome JD; Vancaillie TG, 2000, 'Repetitive stereotactics: An inanimate laboratory technique to improve hand-eye coordination in laparoscopy', Gynaecological Endoscopy, vol. 9, pp. 401 - 408, http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2508.2000.00382.x

Lamaro VP; Broome JD; Vancaillie TG, 2000, 'Unrecognized bladder perforation during operative laparoscopy', Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists, vol. 7, pp. 417 - 419, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1074-3804(05)60490-2

Broome JD; Lamaro VP; Vancaillie TG, 2000, 'Changes in hemostatic mechanisms associated with operative laparoscopy', Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists, vol. 7, pp. 149 - 153, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1074-3804(00)80027-4

Corson SL; Brill AI; Brooks PG; Cooper JM; Indman PD; Liu JH; Soderstrom RM; Vancaillie TG, 2000, 'One-year results of the Vesta system for endometrial ablation', Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists, vol. 7, pp. 489 - 497, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1074-3804(05)60361-1

Corson SL; Brill AI; Brooks PG; Cooper JM; Indman PD; Liu JH; Soderstrom RM; Vancaillie TG, 1999, 'Interim results of the American Vesta trial of endometrial ablation', Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists, vol. 6, pp. 45 - 49, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1074-3804(99)80039-5

Broome JD; Cerqui AJ; Vancaillie TG; Bennett MJ, 1999, 'Laparoscopic hysterectomy and assisted Vecchietti procedure to treat congenital cervical and vaginal atresia', Gynaecological Endoscopy, vol. 8, pp. 297 - 299, http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2508.1999.00268.x

Broome JD; Vancaillie TG, 1999, 'Fluoroscopically guided hysteroscopic division of adhesions in severe Asherman syndrome', Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 93, pp. 1041 - 1043, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0029-7844(99)00245-8

Broome JD; Vancaillie TG; Torode H, 1999, 'The consersative treatment of interstitial pregnancy', Gynaecological Endoscopy, vol. 8, pp. 1 - 4, http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2508.1999.00229.x

Thomsen S; Ryan T; Kuk-Nagle K; Soto C; Vancaillie TG; Garza-Leal J, 1998, 'Quantitative and qualitative histopathological comparisons of multielectrode balloon and thermal balloon endometrial "ablation"', Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, vol. 3249, pp. 115 - 124, http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.304335

Vancaillie TG, 1998, 'Active electrode monitoring: How to prevent unintentional thermal injury associated with monopolar electrosurgery at laparoscopy', Surgical Endoscopy, vol. 12, pp. 1009 - 1012, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004649900769

Indman PD; Brooks PG; Cooper JM; Loffer FD; Valle RF; Vancaillie TG, 1998, 'Complications of fluid overload from resectoscopic surgery', Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists, vol. 5, pp. 63 - 67, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1074-3804(98)80014-5

Vancaillie TG, 1998, 'Active electrode monitoring', Surgical Endoscopy and Other Interventional Techniques, vol. 12, pp. 1009 - 1012

Vancaillie TG, 1997, 'Laparoscopic colposuspension and pelvic floor repair', Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 9, pp. 244 - 246, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001703-199708000-00006

Vancaillie TG, 1997, 'The role of laparoscopy in the management of pelvic floor relaxation.', The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists, vol. 4, pp. 147 - 148, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1074-3804(97)80002-3

Saidi MH; Vancaillie TG; White AJ; Sadler RK; Akright BD; Farhart SA, 1996, 'Complications of major operative laparoscopy: A review of 452 cases', Journal of Reproductive Medicine for the Obstetrician and Gynecologist, vol. 41, pp. 471 - 476

Soderstrom RM; Brooks PG; Corson SL; Dequesne J; Gallinat A; Garza-Leal JG; Iglesias-Benavides JL; Indman PD; Liu J; Van Der Pas H; Stern RA; Sutton C; Vancaillie TG; Wamsteker K, 1996, 'Endometrial Ablation Using a Distensible Multielectrode Balloon', Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists, vol. 3, pp. 403 - 407, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1074-3804(96)80071-5

Saidi MH; Sadler RK; Vancaillie TG; Akright BD; Farhart SA; White AJ, 1996, 'Diagnosis and management of serious urinary complications after major operative laparoscopy', Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 87, pp. 272 - 276, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00006250-199602000-00023

Vancaillie TG, 1994, 'Electrosurgery at laparoscopy: Guidelines to avoid complications', Gynaecological Endoscopy, vol. 3, pp. 143 - 150

Vancaillie TG, 1994, ''Roller-ball' endometrial ablation', References en Gynecologie Obstetrique, vol. 2, pp. 207 - 211

Saidi MH; Vancaillie TG; White AJ; Sadler RK; Setzler FD; Akright BD; Farhart SA, 1994, 'Complications and cost of multipuncture laparoscopy: A review of 264 cases', Gynaecological Endoscopy, vol. 3, pp. 85 - 90

Vancaillie T, 1994, 'Improving endometrial ablation therapy', Female Patient - OB/GYN Edition, vol. 19, pp. 100 - 104

Vancaillie TG; Butler DJ, 1993, 'Laparoscopic enterocele repair - Description of a new technique', Gynaecological Endoscopy, vol. 2, pp. 211 - 216

Kavoussi LR; Schuessler WW; Vancaillie TG; Clayman RV, 1993, 'Laparoscopic approach to the seminal vesicles', Journal of Urology, vol. 150, pp. 417 - 419, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)35498-8

Rubenstein SC; Hulbert JC; Pharand D; Schuessler WW; Vancaillie TG; Kavoussi LR, 1993, 'Laparoscopic ablation of symptomatic renal cysts', Journal of Urology, vol. 150, pp. 1103 - 1106, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)35697-5

Schuessler WW; Pharand D; Vancaillie TG, 1993, 'Laparoscopic standard pelvic node dissection for carcinoma of the prostate: Is it accurate?', Journal of Urology, vol. 150, pp. 898 - 901, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)35643-4

Albala DM; Schuessler WW; Vancaillie TG, 1992, 'Laparoscopic bladder suspension for the treatment of stress incontinence', Seminars in Urology, vol. 10, pp. 222 - 226

Franklin ME; Vancaillie TG; Daniel C, 1992, 'Is laparoscopic cholecystectomy applicable to patients with acute cholecystitis?', Journal of Laparoendoscopic Surgery, vol. 2, pp. 159 - 163, http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/lps.1992.2.159

Harden M; Vancaillie TG, 1992, 'Incidental pathology at interval sterilization', Gynaecological Endoscopy, vol. 1, pp. 91 - 94

Albala DM; Schuessler WW; Vancaillie TG, 1992, 'Laparoscopic Bladder Neck Suspension', Journal of Endourology, vol. 6, pp. 137 - 141, http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/end.1992.6.137

Vancaillie TG; Schuessler W, 1991, 'Laparoscopic bladderneck suspension.', Journal of laparoendoscopic surgery, vol. 1, pp. 169 - 173, http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/lps.1991.1.169

Aaberg RA; Vancaillie TG; Schuessler WW, 1991, 'Laparoscopic varicocele ligation: A new technique', Fertility and Sterility, vol. 56, pp. 776 - 777, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(16)54615-9

Vancaillie TG, 1991, 'Salpingectomy', Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America, vol. 18, pp. 111 - 122

Schuessler WW; Vancaillie TG; Reich H; Griffith DP, 1991, 'Transperitoneal endosurgical lymphadenectomy in patients with localized prostate cancer', Journal of Urology, vol. 145, pp. 988 - 991, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)38509-9

Reich H; MacGregor TS; Vancaillie TG, 1991, 'CO2 laser used through the operating channel of laser laparoscopes: In vitro study of power and power density losses', Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 77, pp. 40 - 47

Schenken RS; Vancaillie TG; Riehl RM; Hill RH; Gilstad D, 1990, 'New developments in diagnostic techniques.', Progress in clinical and biological research, vol. 323, pp. 137 - 149

De Wilde R; Bordt J; Hesseling M; Vancaillie T, 1990, 'Ovarian cystostomy', Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey, vol. 45, pp. 488 - 489, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006254-199007000-00023

Vancaillie TG, 1989, '"Babylon-scopy" or the semantic confusion in gynecologic endoscopy.', International Journal of Fertility, vol. 34, pp. 17 - 18

Vancaillie TG; Eddy CA; Schenken RS, 1989, 'Endosurgical electrocoagulation of the mesovarium as an alternative method of inducing surgical menopause in monkeys', Fertility and Sterility, vol. 51, pp. 733 - 735, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(16)60632-5

Vancaillie TG; Eddy CA; Laufe L, 1989, 'A new method of transcervical female sterilization: Preliminary results in rabbits', Fertility and Sterility, vol. 51, pp. 335 - 338, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60500-9

Vancaillie TG, 1989, 'Electrocoagulation of the endometrium with the ballend resectoscope', Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 74, pp. 425 - 427

Vancaillie TG; Hill RH; Riehl RM; Gilstad D; Schenken RS, 1989, 'Laser-induced fluorescence of ectopic endometrium in rabbits', Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 74, pp. 225 - 230

De Wilde R; Bordt J; Hesseling M; Vancaillie T, 1989, 'Ovarian Cystostomy', Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, vol. 68, pp. 363 - 364, http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016348909028673

Mencaglia L; Colafranceschi M; Gordon AG; Lindemann H; Van Herendael B; Perino A; De Placido G; Colacurci A; Van der Pas H; Tantini C; Labastida R; Fulop T; Vancaillie T; Scarselli G, 1988, 'Is hysteroscopy of value in the investigation of female infertility?', Acta Europaea Fertilitatis, vol. 19, pp. 239 - 241

Vancaillie TG, 1988, 'Microcolposcopy: Technique and basic diagnosis', Cervix and the Lower Female Genital Tract, vol. 6, pp. 141 - 151

Vancaillie T; Schmidt EH, 1988, 'The uterotubal junction. A proposal for classifying its morphology as assessed with hysteroscopy', Journal of Reproductive Medicine for the Obstetrician and Gynecologist, vol. 33, pp. 624 - 629

Mencaglia L; Colafranceschi M; Lindemann H; Van Herendael B; Perino A; De Placido G; Van der Pas H; Tantini C; Labastida R; Fulop T; Vancaillie T; Scarselli G, 1988, 'Hysteroscopic assessment of infertile women. A multicenter study from the European Society of Hysteroscopy', Cervix and the Lower Female Genital Tract, vol. 6, pp. 245 - 251

Vancaillie T; Schmidt EH; Bonk U; Beller FK, 1987, 'Standardizing microcolposcopy. Assessing the criteria for evaluating the presence and degree of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia', Journal of Reproductive Medicine for the Obstetrician and Gynecologist, vol. 32, pp. 769 - 773

Vancaillie T; Schmidt EH, 1987, 'Therapeutic laparoscopy. An update on the instrumentation', Journal of Reproductive Medicine for the Obstetrician and Gynecologist, vol. 32, pp. 891 - 894

Vancaillie T; Schmidt EH, 1987, 'Recovery of ovarian function after laparoscopic treatment of acute adnexal torsion. A case report', Journal of Reproductive Medicine for the Obstetrician and Gynecologist, vol. 32, pp. 561 - 562

Schlegel W; Vancaillie T; Schneider HPG, 1986, 'The influence of continuous intrauterine infusion of enzyme-inhibitors of the arachidonic acid cascade on ovulation and tubal ovum transport in the hyperstimulated rabbit', Hormone and Metabolic Research, vol. 18, pp. 386 - 390, http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1012323

Bordt J; Belkien L; Vancaillie T; Stening C; Schneider HP, 1984, 'Results of hysteroscopies performed for diagnosis in an IVF/ET programme', Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde, vol. 44, pp. 813 - 815, http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1036525

Vancaillie T; Gordts S; Boeckx W; Vasquez G; Brosens I, 1984, 'Vasoepididymostomy to the head of the epididymis: a comparative study of two microsurgical techniques in the rabbit.', Acta Europaea fertilitatis, vol. 15, pp. 25 - 29